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IB Design Technology
SL · Lesson 40 · Design for Sustainability
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Lesson 40 · Unit 5

Design for Sustainability

Balance environmental, social and economic responsibilities through deliberate design decisions.

80 minutesC2.1.1–C2.1.4
Guiding question: How can designers meet current needs without compromising future needs?01
Today’s destination

By the end of class, you should be able to…

01

Discuss sustainability decisions

Connect design choices to waste, pollution and energy.

02

Use five principles

Analyse products with cyclic, solar, safe, efficient and social.

03

Explain TBL

Use people, profit and planet—including conflict/compromise.

04

Prioritize responsibly

Use TBL to discover and justify design opportunities.

Success check: Explain the concept accurately, then use it to make a justified design decision.
C2.1 · sustainability is a design-decision framework02
C2.1.1

It is a sequence of choices across the design.

Designers make decisions about materials, energy, lifespan, production, use and end-of-life that influence waste, pollution and energy consumption.

Key move: discuss the decision and its consequence—not just label a product “eco-friendly.”
C2.1.1 · waste · pollution · energy consumption03

Waste

Material waste in production, packaging, premature disposal and unrecovered resources.

Pollution

Emissions, toxic releases, contamination and other harmful outputs across the product system.

Energy consumption

Energy used in extraction, production, transport, use and recovery/end-of-life.

C2.1.1 · design strategies target system impacts04
C

Cyclic

Create no waste; resources move through useful cycles.

S

Solar

Use clean energy.

S

Safe

Cause no harm.

E

Efficient

Use the least feasible energy and materials.

S

Social

Support basic human rights.

C2.1.2 · cyclic · solar · safe · efficient · social05

Reusable bottle analysis

Cyclic? Are materials recoverable and is there a realistic return/recycling pathway?

Efficient? Does durability offset higher initial material/energy input?

Safe? Are materials/finishes appropriate for food contact?

Social? What labour/sourcing conditions are connected to production?

C2.1.2 · demonstrate how a product meets the principles06
C2.1.3

Success has three dimensions.

People

Social outcomes, users, communities, rights and wellbeing.

Profit

Economic viability, cost, value and organizational sustainability.

Planet

Environmental impacts, resource use, pollution and ecosystems.

C2.1.3 · people · profit · planet07

Planet improvement

A repairable modular design may reduce premature disposal.

Profit pressure

More parts, service infrastructure or slower assembly may increase initial cost.

TBL is not three independent checkboxes. The guide expects you to understand conflict and compromise among the three Ps.
C2.1.3 · trade-offs are part of the analysis08
ClientEconomic / strategic needs.
CommunityAccess, safety, labour, local impact.
EnvironmentResources, pollution, energy, waste.
ConflictWhere do priorities compete?
OpportunityCan design reduce the compromise?
C2.1.4 · prioritize needs to discover opportunities09
Which principle?

A designer reduces the amount of material in a housing while maintaining required performance. Which Datchefski principle is most directly demonstrated?

C2.1.2 · apply the five principles10
DecisionPeopleProfitPlanetCompromise / opportunity
Local repair serviceAccess + skillsService cost / retentionLonger lifeDesign for easy diagnosis
Low-material packagingUsability/protectionShipping costLess wasteOptimize protection per gram
Use the TBL as a design-analysis tool11
List Datchefski’s five principles.
Cyclic, solar, safe, efficient and social.
What are the three Ps of the triple bottom line?
People, profit and planet.
Why might a “more sustainable” design still require compromise?
Improving one sustainability dimension can create economic, social or environmental trade-offs; designers must make explicit priorities and look for opportunities that reduce conflicts.
C2.1 · required framework retrieval12
Exit ticket

Before you leave…

1. Name all five Datchefski principles.
2. Give one example of conflict between two parts of the triple bottom line.
3. Identify one sustainability decision you could reconsider in your IA redesign.
Next lesson

Design for a Circular Economy

Keep the evidence chain moving: user → research → decision → test.

Curriculum alignment
C2.1.1 strategies addressing waste, pollution and energy consumption; C2.1.2 Datchefski five principles: cyclic, solar, safe, efficient, social; C2.1.3 triple bottom line people/profit/planet including conflict/compromise; C2.1.4 use TBL to prioritize client, community and environmental needs to discover opportunities.
Lesson complete13 slides
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